Register Memory

 Register Memory

Register memory is the smallest and fastest memory on your computer. It is not part of main memory, but is located on the CPU in the form of registers, which are the smallest data holding elements. Registers temporarily store frequently used data, commands, and memory addresses used by the CPU. Holds the command currently being processed from the CPU. All data must pass through registers before it can be processed. Therefore, it is used to process the data entered by the user from the CPU. The register holds a small amount of data, about 32 to 64 bits. The speed of the CPU depends on the number and size (number of bits) of the registers built into the CPU. Registers can be of various types depending on the application. Widely used registers include accumulators or ACs, data registers and DRs, address registers or ARs, program counters (PCs), and I / O address registers.

Types and Functions of Computer Registers:

Data Register: A 16-bit register used by the processor to store operands (variables) on which it operates. Temporarily stores data sent and received between peripheral devices.

Program Counter (PC): Holds the address of the memory location of the next instruction. It is imported after the current command completes. So it is used to keep the execution paths of various programs and run the programs one by one when the previous command completes.

Instructor Register: This is a 16-bit register. Contains instructions fetched from main memory. So it is used to hold the command code being executed. The control unit receives, decodes and executes commands from the instructor register.

Accumulator Register: A 16-bit register used to store results generated by the system. For example, the result generated by the CPU after processing is stored in the AC register.

Address Register: A 12-bit register that contains the address of a memory location where instructions or data are stored in memory.

I/O Address Register: Its job is to address a specific I/O device. I/O Buffer Register: Its task is to exchange data between the I/O module and the CPU.